University Libraries

Come see the exhibit on Leonardo da Vinci: The Engineer at the Lichtenberger Engineering Library.  The exhibit includes models of some of his engineering feats:  a catapult and a multiple sling designed as war machines to hurl stones, a paddleboat and a great kite.  Stop by and see pictures of his underwater breathing machine, a steam cannon, a gigantic crossbow and the Vitruvian man.

Included in the exhibit case are facsimiles from the University’s Special Collections of da Vinci’s original manuscripts printed from the collection of the Institute de France.  Twelve manuscripts written between 1492 and 1516 were brought back to Italy by Francesco Melzi, his favorite pupil, after da Vinci’s death.  These facsimiles feature over five thousand pages of drawings and notes in his characteristic “mirror-image” hand-writing, running from right. The sections on display in the case are those related to:  the military art, optics, geometry, the flight of birds and hydraulics.

One of Da Vinci’s famous drawings is of the Vitruvian Man, a drawing created in 1490, is accompanied by notes based on the work of the architect Vitruvius and Book III of his treatise De Architectura.  Vitruvius the architect described the human body with having ideal proportions.  The drawing, pen and ink on paper, depicts a male figure in a square within a circle.  The drawings sometimes referred to as the “Proportions of Man,” and named in honor of the architect Vitruvius, represent da Vinci’s blend of art and science.  Encyclopaedia Brittanica online states that da Vinci “believed the workings of the human body to be an analogy for the workings of the universe.”

Those of you interested in hydraulics may know about Enzo Macagno.  In 1960, Macagno became interested in studies of the history of fluid mechanics and the life of da Vinci.  Along with his colleague and late wife, Matilde, Macagno became an international expert on da Vinci, publishing numerous articles and IIHR monographs on the interpretation, analysis, and synthesis of da Vinci’s codices and manuscripts as they relate to fluid-flow and transport phenomena.  You will find more information in the exhibit case and two monographs from Special Collections on Macagno’s work.

This is just a sampling of what can be seen at the Lichtenberger Engineering Library’s Leonardo Da Vinci: The Engineer exhibit. Stop by to learn more!

References

Capra, Fritjof. The Science of Leonardo.  New York: Doubleday,2007. Engineering Library Q143.L5 C37 2007 http://infohawk.uiowa.edu/F/?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&local_base=UIOWA&request=004251437

da Vinci, Leonardo, 1452-1519.  Leonard da Vinci: scientist, inventor, Artist.  Ostfildern-Ruit [Germany]: Verlage Gerd Hatje, 1997. Engineering Library N6923.L33 A4 1997 http://infohawk.uiowa.edu/F/?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&local_base=UIOWA&request=007162629

Kemp, Martin.  Leonard Da Vinci Experience, Experiment and Design.  Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2006. Art Oversize FOLIO N6923.L33 K449 2006. http://infohawk.uiowa.edu/F/?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&local_base=UIOWA&request=003637253

Laurenza, Domenico.  Leonardo on Flight.  Baltimore: The John Hopkins University press,2004. Engineering Library TL540.L4 L38 2007. http://infohawk.uiowa.edu/F/?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&local_base=UIOWA&request=004220622

Moon, Francis C.The Machines of Leonardo Da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux.  New York: Springer, 2007. Engineering Library TJ 230 .M66 2007. http://infohawk.uiowa.edu/F/?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&local_base=UIOWA&request=004382572

Museo Nazionale Della Scienza E Della Technologia Leonardo Da Vinci.(2014).Retrieved from http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/manoscritti/

Head Quarters, 1st Brigade, 1st Div., 11th A.C.
Wauhatchie, April 6th 1864
My Dear Wife

Yours of March 26th 1864 came to hand two days ago, but the one I recd. by Capt. Hoskins was three days later, Mch. 29th.¹ I looked for a letter to-day, but it did not come. I expect it in the morning but will not delay writing for fear I may not have an opportunity before the mail goes out.

Unless you can get someone to collect the amount due from Fleming, there is but little prospect of your ever getting it.² It would not be policy for you to attempt to approach him if he is so constantly drunk. Can Remick do nothing with him?

I have not seen Chris [Yetter] since I recd. your letter. I read both letters. I told him I thought you would not understand him, but he felt so sure that you would “only think it was him” that I consented to let it go. He is more deeply interested than he wishes to make known, & he wished to surprise you at guessing so near the truth.

I recd. a very good letter from Joe Shellenbarger’s sister to-day.³ It was dated the same day I telegraphed to them & was sent before my dispatch reached them. I sympathize with them. They wrote so affectionately of him that the affliction will be deep and lasting. May God comfort their hearts.

I recd. a letter from Bro. Wes [Culver] to-day.⁴ He tries to explain Sister Beccie’s letter. Mother was not at home. I will send you his letter when I get time to answer it. I do not fully understand what school exhibition you speak of and who had charge of it.

My health is very good. I moved into the new house yesterday evening. It is very pleasant for office purposes; we have six desks and tables in it, all occupied so that there is but little room left. Ben Thompson, Henry Polk, the two Pembertons, Billy Sheets, and Charlie Peck built it. Ira Ong helped a few days.⁵ The boys are now planting Pine trees and making gravel walks.⁶ The weather has been very pleasant to-day.

We received information unofficially this evening that the 11th & 12th Army Corps will be consolidated and form the 1st Army Corps to be commanded by Genl. Hooker.⁷ Another rumor says that as soon as the balance of the troops come up, we will advance by way of Knoxville on Richmond.⁸ This last is most probably unfounded & unreliable. The former is probably correct.

Everything is quiet here. A soldier’s wife of the 102th Ills. arrived here to-day on the cars. I did not see her but heard of her arrival. There are some of the soldier’s wives of the Eastern Regts. here. I saw one or two in the neighborhood of Genl. Howard’s Hd. Qrs. I cannot imagine how they stay here, but almost everything is possible now-a-days.

It has drawn near midnight. Dr. Reagan has been here for the last hour.⁹ I let him read Miss Shellenbarger’s letter, & our conversation has been directed by it to religion. He was very much interested in Joe Shellenbarger & done all for him that could be done. It is said still water runs deep, so it proves in his case. He was always so quiet & seemed to be moved by nothing, but to-night I was permitted to look into his heart & I find it full of love and sympathy. He was called away to attend a patient but requested another opportunity to talk about heartfelt religion. I feel very much benefited by his company. He is a very learned man & is our Brigade Surgeon.

May God bless you, my Dear Wife, and keep you in health and strength. Late as it is, I think it my duty to answer Joe’s sister’s letter, so good night. May Heaven’s blessings rest upon you.

Your Affect. Husband
J. F. Culver
Lieut
I almost signed my official signature.

1. Mary Culver’s letter of March 26 is missing from the Culver Collection.
2. Fleming’s debt to J.F.C. dated to before his muster into service on Sept. 8, 1862.
3. Delia Shellenbarger of Covington, Ill., had written J.F.C. on March 31, the day her brother died. Delia thanked J.F.C. for his letters of the 24th, 26th, and 27th, and expressed regret to learn of her brother’s illness. “How thankful we are,” she wrote, “that he has friends there to take care of him. Oh! that he were near that we might take care of him. But God wills it otherwise and we must submit. You say he may get well, if he does get better, we would like so much to have him brought home. Can you? Will you? do all in your power to have him get a furlough?” Delia Shellenbarger to J.F.C, March 31, 1864, Culver Collection.
4. The subject letter from Wes Culver is missing from the Culver Collection.
5. James Pemberton, a 23-year-old farmer, was mustered into service on Sept. 8, 1862, as a private in Company A, 129th Illinois. Private Pemberton was killed in action at Averysboro, N.C., March 16, 1865. William H. Sheets, a 20-year-old farmer, was mustered into service on Sept. 8, 1862, as a private in Company A, 129th Illinois. Private Sheets was slightly wounded in the back at Resaca, May 15, 1864, and was mustered out with the regiment on June 8, 1865, near Washington, D.C. Ira Ong, a 28-year-old farmer, was mustered into service on Sept. 8, 1862, as a private in Company A, 129th Illinois, and mustered out on June 8, 1865, near Washington, D.C. Benjamin Thompson, a 31-year-old farmer, was mustered into service on Sept. 8, 1862, as a private in Company A, 129th Illinois. Thompson was promoted to corporal on May 9, 1863, and to sergeant on March 1, 1865. He was mustered out with the regiment on June 8, 1865, near Washington, D.C. Compiled Service Records of Union Soldiers, NA.
6. Like other Civil War soldiers, the men of the 129th Illinois beautified their camps. Private Grunert reported that on April 6 “some decorations were added to the camp of Company D.” Grunert, History of the 129th Illinois, p. 50.
7. On April 4, 1864, the War Department issued G.O. 144 consolidating the XI and XII Corps, and designating the new unit the XX Corps. Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker would lead the XX Corps; Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard, former commander of the XI Corps, would believe Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger as leader of the IV Corps; and Maj. Gen. Henry Slocum, commander of the XII Corps, would report to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman for reassignment. O.R., Ser. I, Vol. XXXII, pt. III, p. 258.
8. There was no substance to the rumor that the “army group” being massed by General Sherman in and around Chattanooga would advance on Richmond, Va., by way of East Tennessee and Knoxville. When the spring campaign opened, Sherman’s “army group” would advance into northwest Georgia—its mission to be the destruction of the Confederate Army of Tennessee.
9. Amos W. Ragan was mustered into federal service as surgeon of the 70th Indiana Infantry on Aug. 11, 1862. On Jan. 12, 1864, Ragan was detailed as brigade surgeon of the 1st Brigade, First Division, XI Corps, and when the XI and XII Corps were consolidated, he was appointed brigade surgeon, 1st Brigade, Third Division, XX Corps. Compiled Service Records of Union Soldiers, NA.

Nature Publishing Group

Nature Publishing Group (NPG), a prestigious journal publisher for the Environmental, Life, and Physical sciences, has been receiving attention for language included in the publishing contracts they require authors to sign once a research paper has been accepted. Kevin Smith, the director of the Office of Copyright and Scholarly Communication at Duke University, noticed that, in addition signing away the economic rights to their articles, authors are asked to waive their “moral rights” to their work. From the license:

“The Author(s) hereby waive or agree not to assert (where such waiver is not possible at law) any and all moral rights they may now or in the future hold in connection with the Contribution and the  supplementary Information.” [NPG License to Publish, Clause 7]

Mr. Smith argues that this clause threatens the core scholarly principle of an author to be attributed to her work. NPG has responded to this by clarifying their reasoning for the clause: “The “moral rights” language included in our license to publish is there to ensure that the journal and its publisher are free to publish formal corrections or retractions of articles where the integrity of the scientific record may be compromised by the disagreement of authors.” While retractions are not uncommon in scientific literature, it is unclear why licenses to publish do not explicitly assert a right to correct or remove fraudulent or erroneous research findings.

As the creator of an original work, you have the right to make sure that your publishing agreements reflect your best interests. For assistance with publishing agreements, contact your department’s librarian or read more about retaining your Author’s Rights.

The Jean Calvin Database presents all the texts by or about John Calvin which have been published by the Librairie Droz from 1960 to 2012, with an initial focus on Geneva, Calvin, and the beginnings of the French evangelical movement with Lefèvre d’Etaples and Marguerite de Navarre. 162 texts will ve available in 2014. New Droz releases will be added to the portal as they are published.

Please send additional comments to Rachel Carreon.

• Username:   Martincik
• Password:     6h94RjaU

Head Quarters, 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 11th Army Corps
Wauhatchie, Tenn., Sunday, April 3rd 1864
My Dear Wife

Your letter of 29th March came to hand this morning.¹ I am very happy to hear that you are well. This day opened very beautiful. I was on my way to the Company when I recd. your letter, & have just returned. I intended to delay writing until this evening, but I have an opportunity to send it by a man going home on furlough. I haste to write before the train goes north.

I found the Company all well. I did not see Chris [Yetter] or Nate [Hill] but heard they were well. There is still considerable uneasiness about the promotion to major. Nothing definite is yet known.

I cannot understand why Cox is making inquiries about his policy.² I will write to him, however, and also to the Insurance Company. It occurs to my mind that the policy on our house may have expired. I think it runs for three years from May, 1862, but it is barely possible that it is for only two years. I wish you would make inquiry. The policy is in John Dehner’s hands, and is assigned to Dehner and Russell.³

I recd. a letter from [Lieutenant] Mitchell yesterday; he is improving slowly but will not be able to come up for some time yet. My health is very good. I recd. a letter from Bro. Johnie yesterday & will write to him to-day.⁴ I have his letter. I am glad to hear from Bro. Sammy, & will inform Bro. Johnie.⁵ Sis will have returned by the time this letter reaches you. Give her my hearty congratulations; I may possibly get time to write to her to-day.

A private of Co. “E” of our Regt. named Hildreth, went home on furlough yesterday.⁶ I did not know he was going until just before the train started, or I would have sent a letter by him. He promised to call and see you & bring such things as I want. I need badly about a dozen prs. cotton socks & two shirts. Get the longest shirts you can. I think Henry [Greenebaum] will give you some good ones. I will enclose a note to him. If the man does not come, you can send them by first opportunity.

Give my love to all. I am very happy that you write so often. I will write again, possibly this afternoon. May our Father in Heaven keep you in perfect health and make you happy. Give my love to Mother and Maggie.

Your Affect. Husband
J. F. Culver

1. Mary Culver’s letter of March 29 is missing from the Culver Collection.
2. David Cox was a 47-year-old Pontiac Township farmer. In 1860 he was living with his wife, Gracie, and their six children, and valued his real estate at $6,000 and his personal estate at $600. Eighth Census, Livingston County, State of Illinois, NA.
3. John Dehner, a Pontiac merchant, was born in Germany in 1808. In 1860 he was living with his wife, Jane, and valued his real estate at $16,000 and his personal estate at $12,000. Ibid.
4. Sergt. John Murphy, whose unit was camped at Loudon, Tennessee, had written, “I have been anxious to hear from you on Sammy’s account. I vainly hoped to hear of his whereabouts through you. I can get nothing definite about him. About a month ago he was in Springfield. We have received the descriptive rolls of some 14 or 15 recruits and only three of them arrived at the Battery. Some of them have been a month and a half on the road and one young men . . . died in Indiana on his way to our company. I wish Sammy could get here. It is two-fold harder and more unpleasant for a new soldier to be knocking around in barracks than to go at once into the field.” Sergeant Murphy reported that all was quiet in East Tennessee, and the battery was “preparing with all possible dispatch for the Spring Campaign. We are temporarily in the Dept. of the Ohio, and the only Battery in this department that is equipped for marching and as a consequence if there is a movement made soon in this section of country, we will be called out. I hope that we may have from 30 to 60 days longer in which to prepare. It is quite difficult to get the necessary equipment here. We are pretty well supplied with horses.” John Murphy to J.F.C., March 22, 1864, Culver Collection.
5. Pvt. Sammy Murphy had written J.F.C. from Camp Yates, Springfield, Ill., on March 22. Sammy explained that he would have written sooner, but he “expected to leave here soon and thought I’d wait and write when I got to another place. They have sent away the Inft. and Cav. recruits and I think the Art. will leave soon, but I have thought so for some time. I am the only one for Battery ‘M’ that is here, and I would rather be with it than here. “The weather has been cold here for a few days past, but it is getting warmer now, and begins to look like spring. Camp Yates is situated one mile west of Springfield. It is a pretty nice place for a camp, and we have pretty good water. The Governor’s mansion is just a little ways from camp.” Sam Murphy to J.F.C, March 22, 1864, Culver Collection.
6. Joshua T. Hildreth, a 30-year-old farmer, was mustered into service on Sept. 8. 1862, as a private in Company E, 129th Illinois. He was mustered out near Washington, D.C., on June 8, 1865. Compiled Service Records of Union Soldiers, NA.

EndNote is a reference management tool that helps you to easily gather, organize, format, and insert your references in the style of your choose. This session will walk you through the basics of using EndNote to collect and format your citations. The class will be hands-on and there will be time for questions at the end. All HOW workshops are free for UI students and affiliates.

Our next session is:

Monday, April 7, 2-3 pm

Location: Hardin Library EAST Information Commons

Register or see our EndNote tutorial. Questions? Contact us at lib-hardin@iowa.edu or (319) 335-9151.

Image via lib.utk.edu

The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine will host the annual Examined Life Conference this April. This program seeks to link medicine and the humanities in innovative and useful ways.

Participants will have the opportunity to explore writing in the context of medical education, patient care, and personal health experience. The objective of the conference is to “improve practice by giving healthcare professionals and medical educators tools to enhance their understanding: of patients’ needs; the ethical, emotional, and psychological requirements of their professions” and ultimately to promote well-being and communication between providers and patients.

Featured presenters:

Andrew Solomon writes and lectures on politics, culture, and psychology. His book Far From the Tree: Parents, Children, and the Search for Identity, published in 2012, won the National Book Critics Circle award for nonfiction, among several others.

Hedy Wald, PhD is a Clinical Associate Professor of Family Medicine at the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, where she directs a writing curriculum. She served as a Fulbright Scholar in Israel and is a Gold Humanism Foundation Harvard-Macy Scholar. She has provided frameworks for assessment and feedback of reflective writing which are used internationally within health professions education. Her research on reflective writing in health professions education has appeared in numerous publications including the Wall Street Journal, LA Times, and Chicago Tribune.

 Louise Aronson is a geriatrician, writer, medical educator, and Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of California San Francisco. She received her MD from Harvard Medical School and her MFA from the Warren Wilson Program for Writers. Her work has appeared in literary and medical journals as well as in publications such as the New York Times. Her first book, A History of the Present Illness, was published in 2013.

Events:

All events are FREE for full-time students at the University of Iowa.

Thursday, April 10:
The Examined Life conference kicks off at 7:30 am with registration and breakfast, followed by a welcome session introducing the Spring 2014 issue of the Examined Life journal. Five sessions will be held simultaneously from 10:30-11:15 on topics such as social justice, meaning in medicine, and the influence of story on health policy. Featured speaker Louise Aronson will hold a story workshop from 12:45-2.

Afternoon sessions will take place after an information fair and lunch and will cover mental health and patient experiences, writing for residents, and more. Hardin Library’s Rare Book Room coordinator Donna Hirst will hold a session on Medicine and Art through the ages from 3:34-5. Andrew Solomon’s featured presentation on family and identity will take place at 7:30 pm in the Sheraton Ballroom.

April 11:

Day 2 of the conference highlights topics such as poetry in medical resident education, childhood cancer, and the humanities as a tool in community and global health work. Hedy Wald’s featured presentation on writing and humanism takes place from 12:45-2.

Afternoon sessions include a visit from Irish poet and medical educator Martin Dyar and discussions on the role of writing in aphasia (memory loss) and reproductive challenges.

Saturday, April 12:

Saturday’s topics include confidentiality, writing for survivors of illness and trauma, and coping with loss.

Afternoon events will discuss the use of imagery in writing about medicine as well as MD/MFA programs and how to incorporate daily writing.

Registration and Contact Information:

PubMed is the National Library of Medicine’s index to medical literature and includes over 22 million bibliographic citations in life sciences. This one-hour session will show you how to improve your search results by using subject headings (MeSH) and advanced keyword searching techniques. HOW classes are free for UI students and affiliates. This session will be hands-on and there will be time for questions at the end.

Our next session is:

Thursday, April 3, 9-10 am

Location: Hardin Library for the Health Sciences, EAST Information Commons classroom

Register here. Need help? Contact our library staff at lib-hardin@uiowa.edu or by calling (319) 335-9151.

Navigating PubMed. [Image via blogs.ch.cam.ac.uk].

Covington 1 April 1864
Lieut J.F. Culver.
Dear Sir

I thought while I had a few spare moments I would write to you. I had a letter almost written to you but it was so mixed up that I thought you could not understand any thing I wrote. I dont know how this will be maybe a little better & maybe worse, but I will send it anyhow and have to beg your pardon for writing such an one. It is noon and my Pupils have all gone to dinner but one and he is makeing such a racket I can hardly write, so please pardon mistakes and poor writing I am teaching just one mile east of Covington, a small summer school….

My Sister Mrs. Minton has written to you and I guess gives you all the particulars, so I will not say any thing only that I was sick when my brothers remains came and was just able to go to the cemetry. I cannot realize yet that he is gone never more to return. It is all like a strange dream, Alas! there is too much reality in it. I will miss him Oh! so much. He was always so kind to me. I was his pet when small and his favorite when older. When I was but nine & Joe. 12, I took very ill with the Typhoid fever, afraid I would die. He was working in a brick yard about 1 1/2 miles from town and he would carry brick all day and then as soon as he had his work done would walk home to see me, shortly after that he left home to work in Clark Co. about evry 4 or 6 weeks he would come home to see us. I dont think he ever came home without bringing me a present of some kind. All his letters were written and directed to me.

I can think of my dear brother sick, wounded, or suffering in a hospital; but not dead, Oh! no not dead. I cannot help but think he will soon be at home. He is at home now. He is in a better home than we could give him. When I think of my brother being gone, I think he has gone away and will send for me to come to him as he very often did when he was working away from home. I will have to close for the present as the children are gathering in. Adieu.

Evening. School is now dismissed and I am alone. How pleasant to sit down in a quiet room after being on my feet almost all day and hearing almost evry kind of noise at recess and noon that a child can make. But you know all about it so I will say no more. And you are acquainted in Ohio are you? When this cruel war is over and you return home I hope you will come to Ohio to see your friends and then you must not forget Cov__. We feel like we are acquainted with you, and indeed we wish you to class us among your friends, You have been a friend to my brother and his friends are ours. He frequently spoke of you in his letters home. He said there were not many boys blest with as good officers as he had. My other brother in the army (John) has a very good Capt., I think. I know nothing about his other officers. I have the same acquaintance with Capt. Johnson that I have with you. We have corresponded some times but have never met. He is also a married man and I think must have a very good wife if all be true he says.

I supose you know I have a brother in California has been gone six years. What a shock my brothers death will be to him. He was always so proud of Joe. Joe was very fond of reading and that pleased Henry. Morning. I had to stop as it was getting late. Now I will write untill school time. Yesterday evening when I came home two letters were waiting for me, one from Nashville the other from Dayton. My sister asked me who the one from Nashville was from. Before thinking I said “from Joe, of course.” I cannot think it possible that he is dead, yet it is so, I will not murmer, It was God’s will. In a very – very short time I will see him. Ah what a happy meeting…….

You said truly, I have other ties in Heaven. I have a father and sister there, I was but 4 weeks old when my Father died and my sister went a long time before my Father. I do not know what it is to have a Father, that is an earthly Father. I sometimes think I would be the happiest girl in the world if I but had a Father to love me. I have such a good mother though, and brothers and a sister…… I had two loved cousins to die with the milk sickeness last fall. They were so good and so pretty. The oldest (a girl) was 11 yrs. the other (a boy) 9 years. Danny died at 6 in the morning and Jennie at 7, just one hour apart. They was both buried together, A prettyer sight I never saw, beautiful yet sad. I loved them dearly. They were always so bright and happy……. Your wish is granted. Our Photos. are yours. We could not refuse you if we would, you have been so kind. Now I have a Boon to ask. I have your Photo, my brother sent me two of yours. I would like so much to have your Wife’s Photo, also your little boys if you have any to spare. I want to get an Album and want them to put in it. Joe. was going to buy me one but never did. He has sent me several Photos of the boys in his Co N. Hill, C. Yetter C. Scanlan A. Hueston F. Hueston H. Polk J. Mc Dermot and several others with no names written on He also sent me the Co. [Record?], I have your Photo. in it, and would like Capt. Hoskins and Lieut Smiths. I recd. a letter from Josephus Ullery but from no others. I would like to hear from all. All soldiers are my brothers, I think I have other brothers in the 129th Co. A. if not my brother Joe. I hope he is there yet in the minds of his brother soldiers.

Several young ladies made two wreaths of evergreen and tied them with crape and put on his coffin, one dropped off at the Cemetry, and Eld. Ellis (our minister) picked it up and laid it on the grave and made some very touching remarks He is so good, and kind, He has two sons in the army, one in the 3 [-7th?] Ind. Co. D. I dont remember what Marshall is in, Charlie is quiet, sober & very thoughtful, Marshall and Joe. could never like each other, I fear I tire you, I forget myself and think I am writing to one of my brothers. They allways like long letters.

Please pardon mistakes and poor writing. Think of us as friends, Please give my respects to all brothers friends. I will write to Lieut Smith in a few days.

Ever Your Friend
Delia Shellenbarger.